{"id":11365,"date":"2026-02-01T07:11:19","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T15:11:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/?p=11365"},"modified":"2026-07-19T01:38:00","modified_gmt":"2026-07-19T08:38:00","slug":"deblocarea-eficientei-cum-purifica-tehnologia-daf-apele-uzate-reciclate-din-plastic-prin-indepartarea-cetii-ss-si-a-cbo-ului","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/deblocarea-eficientei-cum-purifica-tehnologia-daf-apele-uzate-reciclate-din-plastic-prin-indepartarea-cetii-ss-si-a-cbo-ului\/","title":{"rendered":"Tratarea apelor uzate DAF: \u00cendep\u0103rtarea SS, FOG \u0219i BOD"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Apa este principalul consumabil \u00een orice instala\u021bie de sp\u0103lare. O linie standard de PET de 2.000 kg\/h consum\u0103 4-5 tone de ap\u0103 pe or\u0103 dac\u0103 nu este recirculat\u0103. Implementarea unui sistem de ap\u0103 cu circuit \u00eenchis folosind <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/flotatie-cu-aer-dizolvat\/\">Flota\u021bie cu aer dizolvat (DAF)<\/a> este o modalitate dovedit\u0103 de a reduce consumul, men\u021bin\u00e2nd \u00een acela\u0219i timp calitatea sp\u0103l\u0103rii necesar\u0103 pentru produsele de cur\u0103\u021bare chimice.<\/p>\n<p>La Rumtoo, integr\u0103m sisteme DAF pentru a viza cele trei valori principale ale apelor uzate industriale: solide \u00een suspensie (SS), gr\u0103simi, uleiuri \u0219i unsori (FOG) \u0219i cererea biochimic\u0103 de oxigen (BOD).<\/p>\n<h2>Provocarea inginereasc\u0103: SS, FOG \u0219i BOD<\/h2>\n<p>Apele uzate provenite din reciclarea plasticului nu sunt doar \u201cmurdare\u201d; ele con\u021bin contaminan\u021bi specifici care contracareaz\u0103 filtrarea standard.<br \/>\n1.  <strong>Solide \u00een suspensie (SS)<\/strong>Microplastice \u0219i fibre de h\u00e2rtie (&lt;50 microni) care trec prin filtrele mecanice cu sit\u0103, dar transform\u0103 apa \u00een tulbure, reduc\u00e2nd eficacitatea sortatoarelor optice.<br \/>\n2.  <strong>Gr\u0103simi, Uleiuri, Unsoare (FOG)<\/strong>Reziduuri din recipientele alimentare (recipiente din polipropilen\u0103, canistre de lapte din HDPE). Aceste elemente hidrofobe acoper\u0103 fulgii de plastic, \u00eempiedic\u00e2nd detergen\u021bii s\u0103 ac\u021bioneze.<br \/>\n3.  <strong>CBO (Consumul Biologic de Oxigen)<\/strong>Substan\u021be organice dizolvate, cum ar fi zaharurile din sticlele de sucuri. CBO ridicat duce la cre\u0219terea bacteriilor \u0219i la mirosuri nepl\u0103cute \u00een rezervoarele de ap\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Cum func\u021bioneaz\u0103 tehnologia DAF Rumtoo<\/h2>\n<p>Flota\u021bia cu aer dizolvat func\u021bioneaz\u0103 pe principiul densit\u0103\u021bii diferen\u021biale. Spre deosebire de rezervoarele de sedimentare care se bazeaz\u0103 pe gravita\u021bie (amprent\u0103 lent\u0103 \u0219i mare), DAF folose\u0219te microbule (30-50 microni) pentru a ridica contaminan\u021bii la suprafa\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n<h3>Procesul \u00een 4 etape<\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Dozarea substan\u021belor chimice<\/strong>Tratarea apei cu un coagulant (de exemplu, PAC) \u0219i un floculant (PAM) pentru a lega particulele fine \u00een grupuri mai mari numite \u201cflocoane\u201d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Injec\u021bie cu microbule<\/strong>Ap\u0103 saturat\u0103 cu aer la presiune ridicat\u0103 (5-7 bari) este eliberat\u0103 \u00een rezervor. Sc\u0103derea brusc\u0103 de presiune creeaz\u0103 milioane de microbule.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Aderen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i cre\u0219tere<\/strong>Bulele se ata\u0219eaz\u0103 de FOG \u0219i de floconii solizi, reduc\u00e2ndu-le densitatea sub ap\u0103. Acestea se ridic\u0103 rapid la suprafa\u021b\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Skimming<\/strong>Un racletor mecanic \u00eendep\u0103rteaz\u0103 p\u0103tura de n\u0103mol plutitoare, \u00een timp ce apa clarificat\u0103 este extras\u0103 de pe fund pentru reutilizare \u00een <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/sistem-de-reciclare-a-sticlelor-de-pet\/\">Linie de sp\u0103lat din plastic<\/a>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Compara\u021bie de performan\u021b\u0103: DAF vs. Sedimentare<\/h2>\n<p>Pentru instala\u021biile de reciclare, DAF este superior, deoarece particulele fine de plastic \u0219i uleiurile vor \u00een mod natural s\u0103 pluteasc\u0103, nu s\u0103 se scufunde.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin: 20px 0;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: left;\">Metric<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: left;\">Rezervor de sedimentare<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd; text-align: left;\">Flota\u021bie cu aer dizolvat<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>\u00cendep\u0103rtare SS<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">40-60%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>&gt; 95%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>\u00cendep\u0103rtarea cea\u021b\u0103<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">50-70%<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>&gt; 97%<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Sarcin\u0103 hidraulic\u0103<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Sc\u0103zut (A\u0219ezare lent\u0103)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Ridicat (flota\u021bie rapid\u0103)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\"><strong>Amprent\u0103 la sol<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Suprafa\u021b\u0103 mare necesar\u0103<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #ddd;\">Design compact<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>Despre numerele de mai sus:<\/em> r\u0103tele de eliminare de genul acesta sunt realizabile la devers\u0103rile de la o linie de sp\u0103lare plastic tipic\u0103 <strong>cu un program de coagulant \u0219i flocculant corect dozat<\/strong>, raportul de aer la solide adecvat \u0219i \u00eenc\u0103rcarea hidraulic\u0103 \u00een interiorul gamei de design a unit\u0103\u021bii. F\u0103r\u0103 pretratament chimic, eliminarea DAF a solidelor suspendate fine scade brusc \u2014 chimia, nu rezervorul, face jum\u0103tate din munc\u0103.<\/p>\n<h2>Ce sunt SS, FOG \u0219i BOD \u0219i unde o linie de sp\u0103lare le creeaz\u0103<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SS (solide suspendate):<\/strong> p\u0103m\u00e2nt, praf fin, pulpa etichetelor \u0219i praf de plastic sp\u0103lat de pe material \u2014 cea\u021ba vizibil\u0103. Filmul agricol \u0219i de\u0219eurile post-consumator cresc semnificativ \u00eenc\u0103rcarea SS fa\u021b\u0103 de nivelurile de de\u0219euri de ambalare.<\/li>\n<li><strong>FOG (gr\u0103simi, uleiuri, gr\u0103simi):<\/strong> reziduurile alimentare de la sticle \u0219i containere, plus lubrifian\u021bi din cur\u0103\u021bare \u0219i de\u0219euri industriale. FOG plute\u0219te natural, de aceea flotarea \u00eenvinge sedimentarea pentru acesta.<\/li>\n<li><strong>BOD (cererea biochimic\u0103 de oxigen):<\/strong> nu este o substan\u021b\u0103, ci o m\u0103sur\u0103toare \u2014 c\u00e2t oxigen consum\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcarea organic\u0103. O BOD ridicat\u0103 este ceea ce autoriza\u021biile de deversare controleaz\u0103 cel mai str\u00e2ns, iar DAF o reduce \u00een principal prin eliminarea solidelor organice care o transport\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Ce depind r\u0103\u021bele de eliminare<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Programul chimic:<\/strong> tipul de coagulant \u0219i doza (PAC, ferric) \u0219i alegerea flocculantului \u2014 cel mai mare factor de influen\u021b\u0103.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Raportul de aer la solide:<\/strong> prea pu\u021bin aer dizolvat \u0219i flocoanele r\u0103m\u00e2n suspendate; presiunea saturatoare \u0219i rata de reciclare trebuie s\u0103 se potriveasc\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103rii solide.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u00cenc\u0103rcarea hidraulic\u0103:<\/strong> \u00eempingerea fluxului peste rata de design reduce timpul de sta\u021bionare \u0219i permite flocoanelor s\u0103 scape sub skimmer.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Variabilitatea influentului:<\/strong> o linie care trece de la regriind rigid la film murdar schimb\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rcarea SS de mai multe ori \u2014 dozarea trebuie s\u0103 urmeze.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Cum s\u0103 Verifici Performan\u021ba DAF: Condi\u021biile de Test Care Fac Numerele Semnificative<\/h2>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Testeaz\u0103 chimia \u00een primul r\u00e2nd.<\/strong> \u00cenainte de a \u00eenvinui ma\u0219ina, verific\u0103 alegerea \u0219i doza de coagulant\/flocculant pe un e\u0219antion de efluent real al t\u0103u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Preleveaz\u0103 ambele p\u0103r\u021bi, aceea\u0219i zi, aceea\u0219i metod\u0103.<\/strong> Preleveaz\u0103 e\u0219antioane de influent \u0219i efluent la ore diferite pe o linie variabil\u0103 nu demonstreaz\u0103 nimic; folose\u0219te e\u0219antioane pereche sau composite de 24 de ore.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Stabile\u0219te punctul de operare.<\/strong> O cifr\u0103 de eliminare are sens doar al\u0103turi de rata de debit, rata de dozare \u0219i materialul de intrare care ruleaz\u0103 la momentul prelev\u0103rii e\u0219antionului.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Introdu criteriile de acceptare \u00een cump\u0103rare.<\/strong> Achit\u0103 ipotezele influentului, protocolul de prelevare a e\u0219antioanelor \u0219i numerele \u021bint\u0103 ale efluentului cu furnizorul \u00eenainte de comisionare.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Pentru principiul de func\u021bionare al bulelor, vezi <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/ce-este-flotatia-cu-aer-dizolvat-daf-intelegerea-principiului-de-functionare\/\">Ce este tratarea prin flotare cu aer dizolvat<\/a>; for the method comparison, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/de-ce-daf-depaseste-performanta-filtrarii-prin-sedimentare-pentru-reciclarea-plasticului\/\">DAF vs sedimentation and filtration<\/a>; and before you buy, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/5-intrebari-fundamentale-de-pus-inainte-de-a-cumpara-echipamente-daf\/\">cinci \u00eentreb\u0103ri de adresat \u00eenainte de cump\u0103rarea echipamentelor DAF<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Concluzie<\/h2>\n<p>Instalarea unui <a href=\"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/flotatie-cu-aer-dizolvat\/\">Sistemul DAF<\/a> transform\u0103 apele uzate dintr-o datorie de eliminare \u00eentr-un activ reutilizabil. Cu programul chimic \u0219i dimensionarea potrivite, DAF poate elimina 90-95%+ de contaminan\u021bi \u021bint\u0103, ceea ce poate extinde semnificativ ciclurile de reutilizare a apei de sp\u0103lare \u0219i poate reduce costurile de dozare a substan\u021belor chimice \u0219i taxele de deversare \u00een mediu.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Prezentarea tehnic\u0103 a tratamentului de de\u0219euri de ap\u0103 uzat\u0103 DAF: Eliminarea SS, FOG \u0219i BOD. Explora\u021bi cele mai recente standarde de inginerie \u0219i cele mai bune practici opera\u021bionale pentru instala\u021biile de reciclare industrial\u0103.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11367,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1997,100],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11365","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-buying-guides","category-recycling-news"],"tsf_seo":{"title":"Tehnologia DAF: Un ghid pentru eliminarea SS, FOG \u0219i BOD","description":"Afla\u021bi mai multe despre Tratamentul de Ap\u0103 uzat\u0103 DAF: Eliminarea SS, FOG \u0219i BOD. Informatii tehnice complete \u0219i solu\u021bii de reciclare industrial\u0103 de la Rumtoo Machine"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11365","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11365"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11365\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14896,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11365\/revisions\/14896"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11367"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11365"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11365"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.recyclemachine.net\/ro\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11365"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}